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1
Preheat oven to 175°C (350°F); butter a 23 cm round cake pan and line bottom with parchment paper.
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2
Combine butter and chopped chocolate in a heatproof bowl set over simmering water (double boiler), stirring occasionally until melted and smooth; remove from heat.
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3
Whisk together sugar and egg yolks in a separate bowl until pale and thick, approximately 3 minutes; fold in melted chocolate mixture, cocoa powder, vanilla, and salt until combined.
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4
In a clean bowl, whip egg whites with cream of tartar until stiff peaks form.
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5
Gently fold one-third of egg whites into chocolate mixture to lighten it; fold in remaining whites in two additions, being careful not to deflate.
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6
Pour batter into prepared pan; bake 30 minutes until a skewer inserted in the centre comes out with moist crumbs (do not overbake).
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7
Cool in pan 10 minutes, then invert onto a serving plate; dust with additional cocoa powder if desired, and serve slightly warm or at room temperature.