Couronne Bordelaise

The couronne bordelaise (Bordeaux crown) is one of France’s most recognisable regional bread shapes: a large ring-shaped loaf with a dramatic crown of eight pointed segments radiating from the centre, resembling a medieval crown or the rosette window of a cathedral. This bread is deeply associated with Bordeaux and the greater Aquitaine region, where it has been the traditional bread shape for centuries, and it appears as the symbol of the Bordelais boulangerie tradition. The dough is a standard pain de campagne formula: a blend of Type 65 and Type 80 flours (or straight Type 65), hydrated at 67-70%, leavened with levain or a combination of levain and a small amount of compressed yeast (levain de tout point). After bulk fermentation with folds, the dough is divided into a single piece of 800g-1kg for a family-sized couronne. Shaping requires two stages: first, the dough is rounded into a tight boule, rested 15 minutes, then the centre is pierced with both thumbs and the ring is stretched and rotated gradually to create an even circle approximately 30cm in diameter with a 12-15cm central opening. The ring must be uniform in thickness — thinner sections bake faster and dry out, while thicker sections remain underbaked. After the ring is formed, a series of 8 deep cuts are made with a bench scraper around the outer circumference, spaced evenly, each cut angling toward the centre but not cutting completely through. These cuts allow the dough to open during baking, forming the characteristic crown points. Proofing takes 60-75 minutes on a linen couche or parchment-lined peel. The couronne is baked directly on the oven sole at 230-240°C with steam for 10-12 minutes, then dry heat for 20-25 minutes until deeply golden and hollow-sounding when tapped on the base. The crown shape provides an exceptional crust-to-crumb ratio and the 8 segments suggest natural portion divisions — though in Bordelais tradition, the couronne is placed in the centre of the table and torn by hand rather than cut.

• Italian ciambella bread
• Greek koulouri
• Turkish simit (ring shape)
• Swedish vetekrans