Kare-Kare
Kapampangan and Tagalog regions, Philippines (possibly pre-colonial origin)
Kare-kare is the Philippines' most distinctively flavoured stew — oxtail, tripe, and banana blossom braised in a rich peanut sauce thickened with toasted rice and ground annatto (achuete), served with a separate side of bagoong alamang (fermented shrimp paste) that is added individually at the table. The peanut sauce is made from ground toasted peanuts (not peanut butter) combined with annatto-coloured stock, and it should be deeply golden, nutty, and rich without sweetness. The bagoong is not optional — it provides the salt and fermented depth that the unseasoned peanut sauce requires. The combination of the mild, nutty sauce with the pungent, salty bagoong creates a flavour dialogue that neither element could achieve alone.