Amazake Sweet Fermented Rice Drink

Amazake was established as a summer drink by the Edo period; sold from street stalls (amazake-uri); associated with Hinamatsuri (Doll's Festival, March 3) and traditional New Year celebrations; the medical literature of Edo period recommended it for recovering invalids

Amazake (甘酒 — 'sweet sake') is a thick, sweet, low/no-alcohol drink made from koji-fermented rice, representing the same fermentation process as sake but stopped at the sweet stage before yeast converts sugars to alcohol. There are two types: shiro-koji amazake (made from koji acting on cooked rice, no yeast added — naturally sweet from enzymatic conversion, essentially alcohol-free) and sake-kasu amazake (made by dissolving sake lees in hot water with sugar — uses a byproduct of sake brewing). The shiro-koji version is a nutritional powerhouse: the koji produces B vitamins, amino acids, and glucose in forms immediately available — it was historically called 'liquid drip' (nomimono no tenteki) and drunk as an energy supplement during the hot summer months. Shrine festivals and New Year's traditionally feature amazake served at outdoor stalls — sweet, thick, warm. Modern amazake made from brown rice adds additional minerals and fibre; barley amazake produces a more complex malt character.

Natural enzymatic sweetness from koji has a different flavour profile from cane sugar — more complex, with underlying amino acid savoriness; the sweetness has depth rather than sharpness; this is why amazake-marinated fish and vegetables (shio koji parallels) develop more rounded flavour than sugar-only treatments