IN.17.0001
Barfi — Sugar-Thread Milk Fudge Setting (बर्फी)
Barfi (बर्फी — from Persian یخ, yakh, meaning ice) is a dense, creamy milk-fudge square made from kh…
Pan-North Indian mithai t
IN.17.0002
Besan Ladoo — Gram Flour Round Sweet (बेसन लड्डू)
Besan ladoo is among the oldest sweets in the Indian mithai tradition — a sphere of roasted gram flo…
Pan-North Indian; associa
IN.17.0003
Chhena Making — Acid Type and Texture Control (छेना बनाने की विधि)
Chhena (छेना, also chhana) is fresh milk curd — the soft, warm, loose milk protein mass created when…
Bengali and Odia dairy tr
IN.17.0004
Gajar Halwa — Carrot Khoya Ghee Reduction (गाजर हलवा)
Gajar halwa (गाजर हलवा) is the winter crown of North Indian desserts: grated red Dilli carrot (Daucu…
North India (particularly
IN.17.0005
Gajar Halwa — Carrot Reduction Dessert Technique (गाजर का हलवा)
Gajar halwa (also called gajrela in Punjab) is the North Indian winter dessert made from red Delhi c…
Punjab and Delhi — a wint
IN.17.0006
Gulab Jamun — Slow-Fry Temperature (गुलाब जामुन)
Gulab jamun (गुलाब जामुन) is the best-known Indian sweet internationally: balls of reduced milk soli…
The name is Persian-Arabi
IN.17.0007
Jalebi — Fermented Batter Spiral (जलेबी)
Jalebi (जलेबी) is the most technically demanding of Indian fried sweets: a lightly fermented batter …
Pre-Mughal North India; d
IN.17.0008
Kalakand — Crystallised Fresh Cheese Sweet (कलाकंद)
Kalakand is a North Indian milk sweet made from freshly coagulated chhena combined with reduced milk…
Alwar, Rajasthan; associa
IN.17.0009
Kheer / Payasam — Reduced Milk Pudding Technique (खीर / पायसम)
Kheer (North India) and payasam (South India) are the pan-Indian rice pudding, present at every fest…
Pan-India; believed to or
IN.17.0010
Khoya — Milk Solids Reduction Technique (खोया / मावा)
Khoya (खोया, also called mawa, मावा) is the foundation of the majority of North Indian and Parsi swe…
Pan-Indian dairy traditio
IN.17.0011
Kulfi — No-Churn Sealed-Tin Ice Cream (कुल्फी)
Kulfi (कुल्फी) is the Mughal-origin Indian frozen dessert: dense, intensely flavoured milk ice cream…
Mughal court, 16th centur
IN.17.0012
Malpua — Fried Sweet Pancake in Syrup (मालपुआ)
Malpua is one of India's oldest sweet preparations — a small, thick, deep-fried wheat pancake soaked…
Pan-Indian with significa
IN.17.0013
Moong Dal Halwa — Ghee-Roasted Lentil Sweet (मूंग दाल हलवा)
Moong dal halwa (मूंग दाल हलवा) is the most labour-intensive of North Indian halwas: split yellow mo…
Rajasthan and Northern In
IN.17.0014
Paneer Making — Coagulation and Pressing (पनीर बनाने की विधि)
Paneer (पनीर) is the fresh, unaged, pressed curd cheese of Indian cuisine — made by acid-coagulating…
Pan-North Indian dairy tr
IN.17.0015
Sooji Halwa — Semolina Ghee-Roast (सूजी हलवा)
Sooji halwa (सूजी हलवा — 'semolina halwa') is the quintessential Indian temple and household offerin…
Pan-Indian; present in No